BLOG ON AUTOMOBILE RADIATOR AND 

IMPROVISED FACTORS

Written by  -  Dhiraj Solunke, Akash Salunkhe, Mandar Salvi, Ganesh Sarak and Yashodhan Shendge

 Introduction:

Radiators are used to convert thermal energy from one mode to another for the purpose of cooling and heating. Radiators function in automobiles, buildings as well as in electronics. It acts as a source of heat to the surrounding but might be the purpose of heating the environment, it acts as a coolant source for automotive engine cooling.

Radiators transfer most of their heat via convection rather than thermal radiation. If there are large temperature differences, it can cause distortion of the engine components.

The radiator will do the cooling purposes because the temperature of the burning gases in the engine cylinder reaches up to 1500 to 2000°C.

If the heat is not dissipated there can be a failure of the cylinder material. Radiators can reduce the chances of piston seizure and keep the temperature minimum.

Radiator

Radiator Main Parts or Construction:

Radiator Main Parts or Construction are follows:

·        Upper Tank

·        Lower Tank

·        Tubes

·        Filler Caps

·        Fins

·        Outlet

1. Upper Tank:

Due to absorbing heat from the engine coolant get hot, the liquid expands and creates pressure in the radiator additionally. The pressure causes the coolant to get higher than the pressure cap, in order to prevent leakage excess coolant needs to be captured somewhere. The excess fluid flows into the pipe and goes into the overflow tank.

When the driver parks turn off the engines the vehicle and the heat dissipates which causes the coolant. The coolant will then contract instead of expanding; resulting in the volume of the coolant.

The vacuum effect will take place where the pressure decrease allows the excess coolant in the overflow tank to flow back so it can return to the radiator. Tanks could also be made of brass, plastic, a polyamide).

 2. Lower Tank:

Just after it has passed through the heat radiating tubes and fins in the body of the radiator the bottom tank receives the cooling water.

The significant temperature takes place. From the block, the thermostat releases water at 180 degrees Faranhite. That water can lose as 100 def. F. depending on the ambient air temperature and the efficiency of the radiator by the time it reaches the bottom tank.

The water pump holds this cooled water. It will back into the block where it is again heated up.

Radiator parts 

 3. Tubes:

On its way to the opposite tank, as the coolant passes through the radiator tubes, it transfers heat to the tubes that transfer the heat to the fins that are attached between the rows. The fins head the heat flow to the ambient air.

Radiator tubes are made up of brass. The use of aluminum increased, eventually taking over the vast majority of vehicular radiator applications.

 4.Filler cap:

Since the coolant expands the high coolant temperature leads to an increase in pressure in the cooling system. Coolant is press in the tank that will increase the pressure in the tank.

A pressure relief valve in the filler cap opens. It allows air to escape. Partial vacuum forms in the cooling system when the coolant temperature returns to normal. This causes a vacuum in the tank because the Coolant is extracted from the tank.

 5. Fins:

Fins are surfaces that are used to increase the rate of heat transfer to or from the environment and they extend from the surface by increasing convection.

Fins increase the surface area and can be an economical solution to heat transfer problems.

Types of radiators:

There are mainly two types of Radiator:

·        Tabular Type

·        Cellular Type Core.

A)Tabular Type:

It is the series combination of upper and lower tanks through which water passes. Fins are attached to improve heat transfer around the tubes. Outside of the tubes, the air is passed between the fins that absorbing heat from the water.

The water passes through all the tubes the cooling effect of the entire tube is lost if one of the tubes becomes clogged. On a cellular radiator, the clogging of any passage results in a loss but of a small part of the total cooling surface.

The tubular radiator type operates with convection and radiation heating. The tabular type radiators are designed for heating of church interior, garages, public toilets, locker rooms.

The tubular radiator type is manufactured from steel that is powder painted and mounted with stainless tubular heating element attached in insulation plates.

This type of radiator should only operate with full power because it becomes rather hot on the surface. It Should be equipped with protection grate. The radiator is equipped with a heating element. The electrical board has got the reconnection.

The radiators are equipped with brackets and are designed for placing under the bench and along the wall.

B)Cellular Type Core:

Air passes through the tubes and the water flows in the spaces between them in cellular type core. The core contains a large number of air cells that are surrounded by the radiator. It is known as a honeycomb radiator because of its appearance as the cells in front are hexagonal in form.

On a cellular radiator, passage clogging results in a loss but small areas will be affected by it. It consists of many small tubes equipped with a honeycomb-like structure of fins to dissipate heat rapidly and cools hot liquid from the engine.

Radiator Working Principle:

• The radiator is a pretty simple device. Aluminum radiators are used nowadays. It has a tank on both sides, and there is a transmission cooler inside the tank. This radiator has aluminum mesh. Aluminum ports have two port inlets as well as an outlet port.

• There are tubes mounted in a parallel arrangement inside the radiator. And the aluminum fins are attached to all of the tubes.

• The Radiator working is very simple. In the radiator, the coolant flows from the inlet to the outlet through many tubes mounted in a parallel arrangement.

• The hot water enters the radiator through the inlet port. And a fan is attached behind the radiator to cool down the hot water in the tubes.

• The fan blows the air and cools down the water. So the water is going to come out cooler than it entered before and then go back to the engine.

• Now it does that air is going to be feeding through this radiator. The aluminum fins are attached to the tubes this called tabulator.

• Now the tubes are filled with hot coolant coming from the engine. So they’re going to give off heat to this aluminum coat by passing air through the fan, it cools the aluminum coat.

• If the smooth flow through the tubes, only the fluid would be cooled directly that actually touching the tubes. Now it is going to send out to the cooler and then go back to the engine.

• Its core is usually made up of flattened aluminum tubes with aluminum strips that zigzag between the tubes. These fins transfer the heat in the tubes to the air stream, to be carried away from the vehicle.

• One is mounted towards the top of the radiator to let the coolant in while the other is mounted at the bottom of the radiator on the other tank to let the coolant back out.

• On top of it there is an additional opening that is capped off by the radiator cap.

• In a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine motorcycles and cars, the radiator is connected to channels running through the engine and, through which a liquid (coolant) is pumped in the cylinder head.

• More commonly a mixture of water and antifreeze is used as the liquid. Antifreeze is ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.

Radiator Advantages:

The following advantages of Radiator are:

·        The radiator is of good heat dissipation. It obviously saves material and energy.

·        Good performance of oxidation corrosion resistance

·        They are highly responsive.

·        They are environmentally friendly to produce, so they are less polluting.

·        They are easy to mold, and so you can find some very cool and unusual designs.

·        Ceramic, cast iron, and other materials used to construct them will hold heat..

 Electric radiator

Radiator Disadvantages:

The following disadvantages of Radiator are:

·        Heat loss takes place if not used and maintained properly.

·        Noisy operation

·        It needs an adequate amount of airflow in the room in order for a radiator to properly work.

·        The heats from the unit will simply sit around the unit, which can reduce the comfort levels within your home and create drafts and cold spots.

·        Radiators can grow extremely hot to the touch while working. Please avoid especially small children or pets from the working radiator.

Radiator Application:

The main uses or application of Radiator are:

·        To cool motor oil or power steering fluid.

·        Automatic transmission fluid.

·        Air conditioner and Automobiles.

Automobile Radiator

IS THERE ANY DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OLD RADIATORS AND MODERN RADIATORS?

Traditional Radiators are most often cast-iron radiators.  Lasting for as long as radiators have been in existence, cast iron radiators have become a symbol of reliable, cost effective, and stylish furniture pieces in our homes. Cast iron radiators have the ability to compliment any room, from homes looking to implement a vintage look, to the more modern houses in need of stand out, eye catching furniture. These radiators also boast brilliant efficiency and heat output, helping you to heat your home for less, making the cast iron radiator a more environmentally friendly option.

Traditional cast iron radiators are traditionally made from iron which can take a while to heat up, but once fully hated the heat can last hours after being turned off. However, some modern versions of the cast iron radiator are made from stainless steel. This means they are able to heat up faster, whilst maintaining the same design, but they don’t keep heat for as long as iron radiators.

Old Radiator

Modern radiators, often referred to as designer radiators, are able to deliver impressive heat outputs with a modern design twist. These modern and stylish twists can help your radiator be a standout piece of furniture within your home, office or restaurants. Modern radiators come with a huge selection of colours, sizes and finishes, with a range of hanging orientations. This means that there is a much larger variety of radiators to choose from, so you can pick the best option for your home. For example, if your home is too small for a horizontal radiator, you can choose a vertical radiator to fit perfectly in your home. Alternatively, if you don’t have space for pieces like mirrors, you can choose a mirrored radiator which will allow you to have the essential radiator to heat your home up, as well as a much-needed mirror to give you a stylish and space saving radiator. Modern radiators mainly come in stainless steel, whereas traditional radiators are mostly made from iron.

Difference Between Traditional & Modern Radiators

 Build Quality

The first difference between traditional and modern radiators, is build quality. The heat output of traditional cast-iron radiators is more powerful, meaning the room will stay warmer for longer, compared to steel radiators. However, you have more control over steel radiators, and they are more energy effective, also making them more cost effective. Steel radiators heat up faster, but also cool down quicker making it easier to make your home the desired temperature. Cast iron radiators can make the home too hot as they hold heat for longer.

 

Size

Another difference between these radiators, are the availability in sizes, colour, and styles. The more traditional radiators do not offer as much choice when it comes to the variety. Modern radiators come in an endless number of colours, styles and sizes. This makes them suited to any home, whereas the traditional style radiator will be more suited towards traditional-style homes, where they can add character to your room.

 

Energy Efficiency

Energy efficiency is another key difference between modern and traditional radiators. The modern radiator is made to be more efficient than the traditional radiators as they heat up and cool down faster, which helps to keep energy bills lower than if you used a traditional radiator. However, traditional radiators heat up slower, but can keep heat longer than steel radiators.

 

Cost

Cast iron radiators are cheaper to acquire than steel radiators, so your costs will be lower in the long term with a modern radiator, but the traditional radiator is cheaper in the short term.

 

Additional functions

Modern radiators come in a variety of designs meaning they can be multifunctional. From mirror radiators to stylish bench radiators, you can get a functional, stylish piece of furniture which can also save space in your room. Traditional radiators on the other hand, come in more basic, limited styles.

Blog by :

Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune.

T.Y. Mechanical              Division : D

Batch- 1                           Group- 1

Group Members :

1. Akash Salunkhe

2.Mandar Salvi

3.Ganesh Sarak

4.Yashodhan Shedge

5.Dhiraj Solunke